Butters

Unsalted butter, unsalted cultured (European-style) butter, clarified butter, ghee, Ethiopian spiced butter

Aromatics

Onion, shallot, leek, scallions, garlic, celery, celeriac, fennel, parsnip

Vegetables

Artichoke, Asian greens, asparagus, shelling beans, snap beans, beets, broccoli, broccoli rabe, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, celeriac, celery, collards, corn, cucumber, eggplant, fava beans, fennel bulb, Jerusalem artichoke, kale, kohlrabi, mushrooms, okra, parsnip, peas, snow peas, potato, rutabaga, spinach, summer squash, sweet bell pepper, Swiss chard, tomato, turnip

Asian Greens

Amaranth greens (en choy), bok choy, Chinese broccoli (gai lon), Chinese (Napa) cabbage, dwarf bok choy, komatsuma, Malabar spinach, methi (fenugreek leaves), mizuna, mustard greens, pea shoots, Shanghai bok choy, shungiku, tatsoi

Fresh Herbs

Anise hyssop, basil, bay leaf, borage, chervil, chives, cilantro, dill, fennel, garlic chives, hyssop, lavender, lovage, makrut lime leaf, marjoram, mint, mitsuba, nepitella, oregano, parsley, rau ram, rosemary, sage, salad burnet, shiso, sorrel, summer savory, tarragon, thyme, winter savory, za’atar

Nuts

Cashews, chestnuts, hazelnuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios

Spices

Ajwain, allspice, caraway seeds, cardamom, Chinese five spice powder, cinnamon, cloves, coriander, cumin, curry powder, dill seeds, dry mustard, fennel seeds, fenugreek seeds, ground dried ginger, juniper berry, mustard seeds, nigella seeds, nutmeg, black peppercorns, white peppercorns, star anise, sumac, turmeric

Spirits

Bourbon, brandy, cognac, whiskey

Zing

Citrus: Lemon, lime, makrut lime, key lime, orange, tangerine, Meyer lemon, yuzu, preserved lemons

Vinegars: Balsamic, Champagne, Chinkiang, cider, rice, rice wine, Shanxi, sherry, Sichuan Pepper, white wine, herb vinegars, fruit vinegars

Herbs: Galangal, ginger, young ginger, horseradish, lemongrass

Specialties: Capers, pomegranate molasses, sumac